Realization of this Law, fulfilment of metrological functions and terms of reference are approved by Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation - No. 314 of 9 March, 2004 and No. 649 of 20 May, 2004 and Government Directives -  No. 294 of 17 June, 2004 and No. 438 of 05 June, 2008, and are implemented by the Federal Agency on Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart) under the Federal Ministry of Industry and Energy (Minpromtorg of Russia).

Minpromtorg of Russia is a Federal Executive body responsible for the development of government policy and state regulation in the field of technical regulating, standardization and ensuring uniformity of measurements.

Rosstandart is a Federal Executive body responsible for providing government services and managing state property in the field of technical regulating, standardization and assuring the uniformity of measurements and implementation of federal state metrological supervision.

The main objectives of NMIs are conducting fundamental and applied scientific researches, experimental developments and scientific and technical activities in the field of assuring the measurements’ uniformity; development, improvement, maintenance, comparison and application of national primary measurement standards (NPMS); the transfer of units from NPMS; participation in development of draft regulatory documents in the field of assuring the measurements’ uniformity, conducting mandatory metrological expertise of requirements for measurements, reference materials and measuring instruments contained in draft normative acts of the Russian Federation; creating and maintaining the Federal Information Fund for assuring the measurements’ uniformity (FIF AMU) and providing documents and information from the FIF; participating in international cooperation in the field of Metrology.

• All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Metrology named after D.I. Mendeleev - VNIIM
• All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Metrological Service - VNIIMS
• All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Optical and Physical Measurements - VNIIOFI
• All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Physical Technical and Radio Technical Measurements - VNIIFTRI

A good deal of activity regarding the development, improvement, maintenance and use of national measurement standards, as well as conduct of fundamental and applied research in the field of metrology including elaboration of normative documents of measurement uniformity assurance is carried out by Metrology Institutes of Rosstandart, which are the centers of standards on the fixed types and areas of measurements. The majority of these institutes is specialized in specific fields of measurements and accredited as state test centers of measuring instruments and verification centers, as bodies on voluntary certification of measuring instruments.

Rosstandart is also responsible for the State regional centers for standardization, metrology and testing (FBU CSM), whose priority activities are: improvement, maintenance and use of national measurement standards used to ensure traceability; involvement in the provision of public services to ensure the uniformity of measurements in accordance with the scope of accreditation; conducting verification of measuring instruments included in the restrictive list of measuring instruments established by the Government of the Russian Federation; the transfer of measurement units from national measurement standards. At present, there are 74 FBU CSMs located in 8 Federal Districts in the Russian Federation located in 8 Federal districts.

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